Pulmonology and Critical Care

Immunotherapy and Biologics in Respiratory Diseases

Immunotherapy and biologics have revolutionized the treatment landscape for various respiratory diseases, offering targeted approaches that modulate the immune response with high specificity. This session explores current and emerging biologic agents approved for conditions such as asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Attendees will examine mechanisms of action involving interleukins (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13), IgE, and other immune pathways. Clinical trial data, patient selection criteria, and real-world outcomes are discussed to guide personalized treatment decisions. The integration of biomarkers such as FeNO, blood eosinophils, and periostin in predicting therapeutic response is reviewed. Additionally, safety profiles, long-term monitoring, and cost-effectiveness considerations are analyzed. The session also highlights advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors in thoracic oncology, particularly non-small cell lung cancer. Emphasis is placed on interdisciplinary care, treatment adherence, and the role of immunotherapy in improving disease control and patient quality of life in both allergic and non-allergic respiratory conditions.